The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads and the 9. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads hospital anxiety and depression scale hads depression only study identification tool comparator caseness population results consultation hahn et al. The depression items tend to focus on the anhedonic symptoms of depression. Hads is a selfreport questionnaire consisting of 16 items, the first 14 of which are scored. Assessment of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Hads is a 14item selfreport screening scale that was originally developed to indicate the possible presence of anxiety and depression states in the setting of a medical nonpsychiatric. Full text the hospital anxiety and depression scale, in patients with. It seems to be a useful tool for the scrutiny of mood disorders in portuguese patients with ms. Pdf the hospital anxiety and depression scale semantic. Hads gives clinically meaningful results as a psychological screening tool and can assess the symptom severity and caseness of anxiety disorders and depression in patients with. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a widely used instrument to measure psychological morbidity in cancer patients. The 15th and 16th items represent the total anxiety and depression score of the questionnaire. The hospital anxiety and depression scale zigmond 1983.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale occupational. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads please check you. This study aimed to translate and test the reliability and. The hads is widely used but has shown ambiguous results both regarding the factor structure and sex differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a valid and reliable selfrating scale that measures anxiety and depression in both hospital and community settings.
Depression and anxiety were measured by the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads, 38 a 14item questionnaire that assesses depressive 7items and anxiety symptoms 7items on a 4point. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads pdf book. There is a need to assess the contribution of mood disorder, especially anxiety and depression, in order to understand the experience of. The instruments studied most widely in a variety of contexts are the general health questionnaire ghq and the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Hospital anxiety and depression scale the hads is a selfadministered scale consisting of 14 items split across anxiety and depression subscales, each with a fourpoint ordinal response format. The had scale was translated into cantonese and administered by an interviewer to 298 chinese aged 60 or above before their doctor consultations. Validation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale for use with adolescents. Frontiers symptoms of anxiety and depression in young. Hospital anxiety and depression scale occupational medicine. Hospital anxiety and depression scale scoring sheet yes definitely yes sometimes no, not much no, not at all 1. The hads was thereforedesigned to be a brief, 14 item, self. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads wellbeing info. James university hospital, leeds, yorkshire, england abstract a selfassessment scale has been developed and found to be a reliable instrument for detecting states of depression and anxi.
The validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. To reduce the risk of a false positive bias, the scale does not assess symptoms of anxiety and depression related to. Deze vragenlijst dient als hulpmiddel om te weten te komen hoe u zich voelt. Pdf the hospital anxiety and depression scale researchgate. Doctors are aware that emotions play an important part in most illnesses. The moderate ppv suggests that the hads is best used as a screening questionnaire and not as a caseidenti. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, or hads, was designed to provide a simple yet reliable tool for use in medical practice. Hospital anxiety and depression scale scoring sheet. A two dimension scale developed to identify depression and anxiety among physically ill patients.
The depressive and anxiety subscales are used to measure the severity of each disorder, with each containing seven questions. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads hulpgids. Validation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. The beauty of the hads score is its simplicity, speed and ease. Hospital anxiety and depression scale in adolescents twa i depression subscale. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads clinical summary. Tick the box beside the reply that is closest to how you have been feeling in the past week. Download hospital anxiety and depression scale hads book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. The respondent rates each item on a 4point scale ranging from 0 absence to 3 extreme presence. Read each item and place a firm tick in the box opposite the reply which. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a questionnaire developed to screen anxiety and depression among patients in hospital settings. In addition to the phq9, the depression module of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hadsd is widely used to screen for depression. The objective of this report was to study the metric properties of the portuguese version of hads regarding ms. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads stroke engine.
It is suggested that the introduction of the scales into general hospital practice would. The 15th and 16th items represent the total anxiety and depression score of. Is the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads a. The anxiety and depressive subscales are also valid measures of severity of the emotional disorder. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads spinal cord. I wake early and then sleep badly for the rest of the night. The hospital anxiety and depression scale health and. Read online hospital anxiety and depression scale hads book pdf free download link book now. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a bidirectional selfassessment scale used to screen for clinical depression and anxiety in hospital outpatient medical clinics. Dear editor, we read with interest the findings by phan et al. Normative data for the hospital anxiety and depression scale. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, in patients. Scores of 07 in respective subscales are considered normal, with 810 borderline and 11 or over indicating clinical caseness.
The hads hospital anxiety and depression scale aims to measure symptoms of anxiety hads anxiety and depression hads depression. The term hospital in its title suggests that it is only valid in such a setting but many studies conducted throughout the world have confirmed that it is valid when used in community settings and primary care. Other than physically ill individuals, the hads is also used with community samplespopulations. It should be emphasised that selfassessment scales are only valid for screening purposes. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a selfadministered measure used to screen for the presence of depression and anxiety. Assesses anxiety and depression in a nonpsychiatric population. The bai does not assess other primary symptoms of anxiety, most notably worry and other cognitive aspects of anxiety. There is also a lack of psychometric evaluations of the hads in nonclinical samples of older people. A recent metaanalysis that included more than 20 studies concluded that the. Subjects rate the 14 items on a fivepoint scale 04. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was devised 30 years ago by zigmond and snaith 1 to measure anxiety and depression in a general medical population of patients. Pdf the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads. A 14item scale divided into two subscales, anxiety and depression, each one comprising 7 items depression for even items and anxiety for odd ones. Regarding the analysis of age on the anxiety and depression subscales, age groups were classified as follows.
Outcome measure hospital anxiety and depression scale hads sensitivity to change yes population adult domain psychological status anxiety and depression type of measure selfreport scale icfcodes b152 emotional functions description the hads is a 14item selfreport measure, with seven items forming a depression subscale and another seven measuring anxiety. Can the hospital anxiety and depression had scale be. A study was carried out in a general practice in hong kong to find out if the hospital anxiety and depression had scale could be used to detect psychological problems in chinese elderly. The depression subscale of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hadsd is the most commonly used screening tool in medically ill patients.
In summary, for rheumatology, unless accompanied by other measures that include cognitive ruminative aspects of anxiety, the bai may provide a limited assessment of anxiety. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads tick the box beside the reply that is closest to how you have been feeling in the past week. Read each item and circle the reply which comes closest to. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was originally developed by zigmond and snaith 1983 and is commonly used by doctors to determine the levels of anxiety and depression that a person is experiencing. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a brief selfreporting twodimensional questionnaire developed to screen for levels of anxiety and depression among patients in a general hospital setting. The hads was originally developed by zigmond and snaith as a screening tool to capture clinically significant states of anxiety and depression in a nonpsychiatric hospital setting 4. If your doctor knows about these feelings he or she will be able to help you more. Diagnostic accuracy of the depression subscale of the.
This is a sample version of the hospital anxiety and. The hospital anxiety and depression scale 363 table 1 numbers of patients in each category according to subscale scores depression scale non doubtful scores cases cases cases 07 57 11 1 810 8 7 3 1121 1 4 8 and the rating scale of any respondent who replied positively to either of these questions was discarded. To adapt the scale for chilean cancer patients, we used the spanish version 31 of the original scale 27. Seven of the items relate to anxiety and seven relate to depression. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was devised 30 years ago by zigmond and snaith 1 to measure anxiety and depression. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is commonly used by doctors to determine the levels of anxiety and depression that a patient is experiencing. Hospital anxiety and depression scale, hds page 2 of 4 4 i can laugh and see the funny side of things as much as i always could 0 not quite so much now 1 definitely not so much now 2 not at all 3 5 worrying thoughts go through my mind a great deal of the time 3 a lot of the time 2 not too often 1 very little 0 6 i feel cheerful never 3 not. The hads was developed to provide clinicians with an acceptable, reliable, valid and easy to use practical tool for identifying and quantifying depression and anxiety. Pdf hospital anxiety and depression scale hads aastha. A validation study of the hospital anxiety and depression. This questionnaire is designed to help your doctor know how you feel.
Anxiety depression summary the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads assesses anxiety and depression in a nonpsychiatric population through selfreporting. Hospital anxiety and depression scale rehabmeasures database. The hospital anxiety and depression scale health and quality of. It has become a popular tool, for clinical practice and research.
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